Improvement in the manufacture of artificial stone



I06. coneosmous, COATING 0R Pusnc Cross Reference Examiner PATENT QFFICE.

ADOLPH OTT, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF HIS RIGHT TO THOMAS F. WELLS.

IMPROVEMENT IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL STONE.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 118,477, dated August 29, 1871.

' To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ADOLPH Orr, of New York, county of New York and State of New York, have invented a certain Process for the Manufacture of Artificial Stone, of which the following is a specification:

The object of my invention is to produce, by artificial means, a stone which is solid and compact, as though formed by nature. This I produce by Very cheap and simple means from a al h i\ tars that con am Ill t eir state no tree 3. On the average, such cement consists of lime, 60.05 per cent; magnesia, 1.17 per cent; alumina, 7.50 per cent; oxide of iron, 3.34 per cent.; potash, 0.80 per cent.; soda, 0.7 4 per cent; sulphate of lime, 1.82 per cent; silica, 24.31 per cent. Next, I procure feldspar or feldspathjg minerals, such as neiss, ranite, syen1te,diorite, 35c, which ma erlas, e ore emg user are fished to the finest possible degree. The Portland cement is intimately mixed with the feldspar or feldspathic minerals in the proportion of about ten to two. Havling prepared this mixture rfiiiiagooa uick ime, la c it wit steam or va )or until it forms a Ell-y an 'i'i'lent powder, which I pass through fine boltingcloth so as to exclude any unslaked parts. This hydrate of lime is mixed with the cement and e dspar or feldspathic minerals in the proportion of from one-fourth to one-third part to ten parts of the cement. The fourth ingredient which I use in preparing the composition for my stone is sand the proportion which I follow being from two to four to one part of Portland cement. I prefer clean angular and irregularlyshaped pit-sand to river or sea-sand. since the Inne and which have a specific gravity of over puI versurface of such sand 1s largest in proportion to its quantity. Sea-sand and river-sand, though very clean in most cases, consist of spherical bodies, which, as well known, offer the smallest surface to the quantity. If the sand is not perfectly clean it is stirred up in water in proper vessels, such as lime-chests, the water being drawn 011' and replaced by clean water until it appears perfectly clear. If, now, all the materials above enumerated have been intermixed in their proper proportions, this mixture is intro duced into a mill, where it is trit-urated with the necessary quantity of watelf'smlorm a homogeneous and plastic mass. The thus-prepared paste is now placed in m lds of the desired shape and dimensions and capable of sustaining heavy pressure. This )ressurejs applied, if practicable, and when t e stone has acquired a certain degree of solidity it is removed from the mold and exposed to the air. After a few days it is first washed with a dilute solution p f soluble 'lassfm'en the coat thus applled has become ry it is sprinkled with water char ed with carbonic acidor wanna-1n nateol' mum a. u

process may berepea re 1 eslre rea hardness is thus attained in a very short time.

The effect of this mode of treating the stone consists: First, in the formation of silicate of lime onthe surface. Second,in thepr itation of silica in the pores, which substance rides its total insolubility, possesses great cementing qualities.

By the use of hydrate of lime and pulverized feldspar or feldspathic materials, which I consider new in the manner of forming structures with Portland cement, I secure a constant increase of the solidity of the material. This is due to the fact that lime, however slowly, will replace the potash or soda in the feldspar and form a silicate of lime which, in combination with the silicate mina of the feldspar, possesses great ce hinting qualities? I claim as my invention- The process of making artificial stone fi'om hydrate of lime, together with the ingredients herein specified, as and for the purposes set forth.

7 ADOLPH OTT.

Witnesses 011s. REINHARDT,

TORMAN WHITNEY. 

